{"id":4728,"date":"2023-07-20T23:15:44","date_gmt":"2023-07-20T22:15:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/?p=4728"},"modified":"2023-07-20T23:28:42","modified_gmt":"2023-07-20T22:28:42","slug":"%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%86-%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/?p=4728","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Milaffat_0723-00.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-4740 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Milaffat_0723-00.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"195\" height=\"302\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Milaffat_0723-00.jpg 323w, 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name=\"_ednref2\">[2]<\/a>\u060c \u0628\u062e\u0637 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 727 \u0647\u0640\/ \u0645\u0627\u064a 1327 \u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642<a href=\"#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\">[3]<\/a>. \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u064a\u0648\u0645 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name=\"_ednref7\">[7]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0640\u0640 \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0644\u061f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0629<a href=\"#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\">[8]<\/a>. \u0628\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 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\u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0630\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0643\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646\u0647<a href=\"#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\">[10]<\/a>. \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0629 705\u00a0\u0647\u0640\/ 1306 \u0645<a href=\"#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\">[11]<\/a>. \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0644\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u062e\u0645\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0641\u064a (\u062a. 716 \u0647\/ 1316 \u0645) \u0623\u062d\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u061b \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0646\u0651\u062f \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629<a href=\"#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\">[12]<\/a>. \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644: \u00ab\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 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\u0623\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u00bb<a href=\"#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\">[13]<\/a>. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u00ab\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631[\u0627] \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641\u061b \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627 (&#8230;) \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0645\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627\u00bb<a href=\"#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\">[14]<\/a>. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u064a (\u062a. 759 \u0647\u0640\/ 1258 \u0645)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627 \u0640\u0640 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0628\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u061f \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646 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\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621\u061b \u0641\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0642\u064a: \u00ab\u0648\u062f\u062e\u0644 [\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629] \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633\u060c \u0641\u062d\u0643\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0644\u0647. \u0641\u0643\u064f\u0630\u0651\u0628\u00bb<a href=\"#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\">[15]<\/a>. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u00ab\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0627 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\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 <strong>\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629: \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0622\u062b\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0628<strong>\u00bb<\/strong><a href=\"#_edn18\" name=\"_ednref18\">[18]<\/a>. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f 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\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642<a href=\"#_edn23\" name=\"_ednref23\">[23]<\/a>. \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0638\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u064a<a href=\"#_edn24\" name=\"_ednref24\">[24]<\/a>. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\/ \u0646\u0627\u0633\u062e \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u064a<a href=\"#_edn25\" name=\"_ednref25\">[25]<\/a>. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u064a \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a 3 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 756 \u0647\u0640\/ \u062f\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0631 1355 \u0645<a href=\"#_edn26\" name=\"_ednref26\">[26]<\/a>\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f 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\u0628\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0647\u00bb<a href=\"#_edn27\" name=\"_ednref27\">[27]<\/a> \u0625\u0644\u062e. \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0647\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647: \u00ab\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 <strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629\u00bb<a href=\"#_edn28\" name=\"_ednref28\">[28]<\/a>. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 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\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c 1997\u060c \u0635. 316\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 222 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">IBN BATT\u00dbTA, <strong>Voyages<\/strong>, 1- <strong>De L\u2019Afrique du Nord \u00e0 la Mecque<\/strong>, traduction, C. Defremery et B. R. Sanguinetti, notes, St\u00e9phane Yerasimos, Fran\u00e7ois Maspero, Paris, 1982, p. 225, note 236.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]<\/a> &#8211; \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u00ab\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629: \u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0645 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u061f\u00bb\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 60\u060c 2000\u060c \u0635. 241.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]<\/a> &#8211; \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629\u060c <strong>\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062c. 1\u060c \u062a\u062d. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635. 102.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]<\/a> &#8211; \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u00ab\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629: \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061f\u00bb\u060c <strong>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 553\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2004\u060c \u0635.26-29.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[6]<\/a> &#8211; \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a:<\/strong> <strong>\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c 2004\u060c \u0635. 50.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[7]<\/a> &#8211; \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u060c \u00ab\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629: \u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u00bb\u060c \u0623<strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong>: \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0635. 14. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0645 13 \u0634\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0631 2022 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[8]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629\u060c <strong>\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062c. 1\u060c \u062a\u062d. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635. 109. \u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0643\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 1993\u060c \u0635. 154. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0639\u060c <strong>\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0639<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c 1967\u060c \u0635. 154. \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c <strong>\u062a\u0648\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 2004\u060c \u0635. 129 (\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u064a \u062a. 759 \u0647\u0640). \u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u0627\u0636<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c 1980\u060c \u0635. 11\u060c 12\u060c 16 (\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u064a). \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062c<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0637\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c 2000\u060c \u0635. 265. \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062c<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 2004\u060c \u0635. 267 (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &#8220;\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636&#8221;). \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a\u062e\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c [\u0641\u0627\u0633]\u060c 1346 \u0647\u0640\u060c \u0635. 201 (\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u064a).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\">[9]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u060c \u00ab\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629\u00bb\u060c \u0635. 9\u060c \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 3.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[10]<\/a> &#8211; \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628. \u0644\u062a\u0644\u060c \u00ab\u0647\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0646\u061f\u00bb\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c <strong>\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 13\u060c \u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 2021\u060c \u0635. 136. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 03 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2022. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u060c \u00ab\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629\u00bb\u060c \u0635. 22.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[11]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0631\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u062c. 1\u060c \u0635. 154.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[12]<\/a> &#8211; \u0644\u062a\u0644\u060c \u00ab\u0647\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0646\u061f\u00bb\u060c \u0635. 137\u060c \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 12.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[13]<\/a> &#8211; \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635. 137.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[14]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u060c \u00ab\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629\u00bb\u060c \u0635. 6-7.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\">[15]<\/a> \u0640\u0640 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2003\u060c \u0635. 206.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\">[16]<\/a> \u0640\u0640 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646\u060c <strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 2006\u060c \u0635\u060c 552.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref17\" name=\"_edn17\">[17]<\/a> &#8211; \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c 1985\u060c \u0635. 137.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref18\" name=\"_edn18\">[18]<\/a> \u0640\u0640 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0632\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 2012\u060c \u0635. 113. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c 1984\u060c \u0635. 324.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref19\" name=\"_edn19\">[19]<\/a> &#8211; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c 2015\u060c \u0635. 287.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref20\" name=\"_edn20\">[20]<\/a> &#8211; \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0645\u0627\u0646&#8221; (\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u064a) \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649&#8221; \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0644. \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">CLAUDIA MARIA TRESSO, \u00abA Two-year journey under the arrows of the Black Death; the medieval plague pandemic in Ibn Battuta\u2019s travels\u00bb, <strong>Journal of arabica and islamic studies<\/strong>, December 2021, p. 178.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref21\" name=\"_edn21\">[21]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629\u060c <strong>\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062c. 1\u060c \u062a\u062d. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635. 26.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref22\" name=\"_edn22\">[22]<\/a> &#8211; \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635. 26.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref23\" name=\"_edn23\">[23]<\/a> &#8211; \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635. 25.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref24\" name=\"_edn24\">[24]<\/a> &#8211; \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u00ab\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629\u00bb\u060c <strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 6 \u2013 7\u060c 1987\u060c \u0635. 87-88. \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0645\u0631\u062f\u060c \u00ab\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u00bb\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 18\u060c 2001\u060c \u0635. 175-199.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref25\" name=\"_edn25\">[25]<\/a> &#8211; \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0643\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0637\u0648\u060c \u00ab\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629: \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0646\u00bb\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 60\u060c 2000\u060c \u0635. 171-172.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref26\" name=\"_edn26\">[26]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629\u060c <strong>\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062c. 2\u060c \u062a\u062d. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635. 802.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref27\" name=\"_edn27\">[27]<\/a> &#8211; \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635. 819.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref28\" name=\"_edn28\">[28]<\/a> &#8211; \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635. 827.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref29\" name=\"_edn29\">[29]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u00ab\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u00bb\u060c \u0635. 75.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref30\" name=\"_edn30\">[30]<\/a> &#8211; \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635. 88.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref31\" name=\"_edn31\">[31]<\/a> &#8211; \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0628\u0627\u0643\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647<\/strong>\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c [\u062f.\u062a]\u060c \u0635. 20-21.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref32\" name=\"_edn32\">[32]<\/a> &#8211; \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0763\u0648\u0644\u060c \u00ab\u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0646\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647\u00bb\u060c \u0627<strong>\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 59\u060c 1999\u060c \u0635. 59.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref33\" name=\"_edn33\">[33]<\/a> &#8211; \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c <strong>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u062a\u0627\u0648\u0649<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c 2004\u060c \u0635. 476-491.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref34\" name=\"_edn34\">[34]<\/a> &#8211; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u2013 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2005\u060c \u0635. 62.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref35\" name=\"_edn35\">[35]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062a\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0638 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c [\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627-\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633]\u060c 1981\u060c \u0635. 83\u060c 192\u060c 193\u060c 213\u060c 253\u060c 273.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref36\" name=\"_edn36\">[36]<\/a> &#8211; \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629\u00bb\u060c <strong>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 3\u060c 1989\u060c \u0635. 350.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref37\" name=\"_edn37\">[37]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0635. 107. \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0631\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u062c. 1\u060c \u0635. 158.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref38\" name=\"_edn38\">[38]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/strong>\u060c \u0635. 109.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref39\" name=\"_edn39\">[39]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636<\/strong>\u060c \u062c. 2\u060c \u0635. 377. \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u064e\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c 1997\u060c \u0635. 113. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u062c\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641)\u060c <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0627\u060c 2003\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0641\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0635. 6067-6068.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref40\" name=\"_edn40\">[40]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u062c. 3\u060c \u0635. 292-293. \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0637. \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 1978\u060c \u0635. 66. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636<\/strong>\u060c \u062c. 2\u060c \u0635. 377. \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c <strong>\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0633<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c 1974\u060c \u0635. 433. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627<\/strong>\u060c \u062c. 3\u060c \u0635. 113. <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/strong>\u060c \u062c. 18\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0641\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0635. 6065-6066.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">ZOULIKHA BENRAMDANE, <strong>Cueta du XIII<sup>\u00e9<\/sup> au XIV<sup>\u00e9<\/sup>\u00a0: si\u00e8cles des lumi\u00e8res d\u2019un ville marocaine<\/strong>, Publication de la Facult\u00e9 des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines, Mohammedia, 2003, pp. 106-107. HALIMA FERHAT, <strong>Sabta des origines au XIV<sup>e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle<\/strong>, Publication de la Facult\u00e9 des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines, Rabat, 2014, pp. 211-212.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref41\" name=\"_edn41\">[41]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u062c. 4\u060c \u0635. 298.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref42\" name=\"_edn42\">[42]<\/a> &#8211; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062f\u063a\u0634 \u0628\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c 2014\u060c \u0635. 23.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref43\" name=\"_edn43\">[43]<\/a> &#8211; \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref44\" name=\"_edn44\">[44]<\/a> &#8211; \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"#_ednref45\" name=\"_edn45\">[45]<\/a>&#8211; BENRAMDANE, <strong>Cueta du XIII<sup>\u00e9<\/sup> au XIV<sup>\u00e9<\/sup><\/strong>, op. cit, p. 287.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref46\" name=\"_edn46\">[46]<\/a> &#8211; \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646)<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 2018\u060c \u0635. 352.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref47\" name=\"_edn47\">[47]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0631\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u062c. 1\u060c \u0635. 155-156.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref48\" name=\"_edn48\">[48]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c <strong>\u062a\u0648\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062c<\/strong>\u060c \u0635. 129. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c\u060c<\/strong> \u0645\u062c. 1\u060c \u0635. 267.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref49\" name=\"_edn49\">[49]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c <strong>\u062a\u0648\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062c<\/strong>\u060c \u0635. 128. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c\u060c<\/strong> \u0645\u062c. 1\u060c \u0635. 266.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref50\" name=\"_edn50\">[50]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629\u060c <strong>\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062c. 1\u060c \u062a\u062d. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0635. 110.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref51\" name=\"_edn51\">[51]<\/a> &#8211; \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u063a\u060c \u00ab\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647\u00bb\u060c \u0627<strong>\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f 59\u060c 1999\u060c \u0635. 134-135.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref52\" name=\"_edn52\">[52]<\/a> &#8211; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c 1991\u060c \u0635. 582.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref53\" name=\"_edn53\">[53]<\/a> &#8211; \u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0625. \u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c <strong>\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062a\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c 2020\u060c \u0635. 236\u060c \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 239.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0636 \u0644\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u061b \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647: \u00ab\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0647 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":279,"featured_media":4740,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[253],"tags":[1060,1061],"class_list":["post-4728","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-253","tag-1060","tag-1061"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4728","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/279"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4728"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4728\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4740"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4728"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4728"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4728"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}