{"id":579,"date":"2011-03-06T15:19:01","date_gmt":"2011-03-06T14:19:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/?p=579"},"modified":"2016-03-11T10:06:38","modified_gmt":"2016-03-11T09:06:38","slug":"%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%b1-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/?p=579","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"

Fernand Braudel,\u00a0<\/span>La M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e et le monde m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque de Philippe II (1558-1598)<\/strong>, Paris, A. Colin, 1949, 2 volumes<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c “\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628”\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c\u0647\u0645: \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631 (Henri Hausser)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062f (Fran\u00e7ois Simiand)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0643\u0633 (Maurice Halbwachs)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0643 (L\u00e9on Brunschwig )\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0643.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0638\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0636\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0634 (Vidal De La Blache) \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646 (Albert Demangeon)\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u062a “\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0650\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 “\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627” \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a4. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0641\u0631 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e” \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1922\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629”.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0645 (Emile Durkheim) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u0650\u0651\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062d \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0643\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u00a0\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633 (Karl Marx) \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0631 (Von Schmoller)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 (Henri Pirenne) \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1890\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a 1908-1909\u060c \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0632\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u06295. \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 “\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1929 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0643\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0650\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 “\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a”6.<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 (Le Temps Long)<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u062915.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a (Le Temps cyclique)<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c “\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629”\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u00a0\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1558<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1558 \u06481567<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1567 \u06481576<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1576 \u06481588<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 1929 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u0646\u0633\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0631\u0635\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u062d\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062c\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0646\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u00a0\u0625\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u064a (Pierre Chaunu)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648 (Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Mauro). \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u00a0\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0648 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u063a\u062f\u0648\u0643<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a (Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie).<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 (Le Temps Court)<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0650\u0640 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b”\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 “\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0627”\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b “\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u062a \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0628”.<\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/p>\n

1- \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c “\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e”\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c\u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0635 68.<\/p>\n

2-L. Febvre, \u00abHommage \u00e0 Henri Berr. De la revue de Synth\u00e8se aux Annales\u00bb (1952), in\u00a0Combats pour l\u2019histoire<\/strong>, Paris, A. Colin, 1953, pp. 340-341.<\/p>\n

3- J. Revel, \u00abHistoire et sciences sociales. Les paradigmes des Annales\u00bb, inAnnales ESC<\/strong>, n\u00b0 6, 1979, p. 1367.<\/p>\n

4- A. Burgui\u00e8re, \u00abHistoire d\u2019une histoire. La naissance des Annales\u00bb, in\u00a0Annales ESC<\/strong>, n\u00b0 6, 1979, p. 1351.<\/p>\n

5- F. Mendels, \u00abHistoire \u00e9conomique\u00bb, in\u00a0A. Burgui\u00e8re, Dictionnaire des sciences historiques<\/strong>, Paris, PUF, 1986, pp. 215-223.<\/p>\n

6- P. Leuillot, \u00abAux origines des Annales d\u2019histoire \u00e9conomique et sociale. Contribution \u00e0 l\u2019historiographie fran\u00e7aise\u00bb, in\u00a0M\u00e9langes en l\u2019honneur de Fernand Braudel<\/strong>, Toulouse, Privat, 1973, t. II, pp. 317-324.<\/p>\n

7- F. Braudel,\u00a0La M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e et le monde m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque de Philippe II (1558-1598)<\/strong>, Paris, A. Colin, 1949, \u00e9d. 1986, t. I, pp. 13-14.<\/p>\n

8- L. Febvre, \u00abVers une autre histoire\u00bb (1949), in\u00a0Combats<\/strong>, p. 432.<\/p>\n

9- E. Labrousse, \u00abEn guise de toast \u00e0 Fernand Braudel: aux vingt cinq ans de M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e\u00bb, in\u00a0M\u00e9langes<\/strong>, t. I, pp. 10-11.<\/p>\n

10- F. Braudel, \u00abHistoire et sciences sociales : La longue dur\u00e9e\u00bb, in\u00a0Ecrits sur l\u2019histoire<\/strong>, Paris, Flammarion, 1969, p. 54.<\/p>\n

11- Ibid., pp. 50-51.<\/p>\n

12-F. Braudel,\u00a0Civilisation mat\u00e9rielle, \u00e9conomie et capitalisme, XVe -XVIIIe si\u00e8cles, 3 volumes, I: Les structures du quotidien ; II : Les jeux de l\u2019\u00e9change; III: Le temps du monde<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

13- K. Marx et F. Engels,\u00a0L\u2019id\u00e9ologie allemande (1846)<\/strong>, Paris, Editions sociales, 1968, p. 57.<\/p>\n

14- F. Braudel, \u00abHistoire et sciences sociales\u2026\u00bb, p. 80. \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n

P. Vilar, \u00abHistoire marxiste, histoire en construction\u00bb,in J. Le Goff et P. Nora (\u00e9d.),\u00a0Faire de l\u2019histoire<\/strong>, t. I (Nouveaux probl\u00e8mes), Paris, Gallimard, 1974, pp. 169-209 ; G. Bois, \u00abMarxisme et histoire nouvelle\u00bb, in J. Le Goff (\u00e9d.),\u00a0La Nouvelle Histoire<\/strong>, Paris, Retz, 1978, pp. 375-393.<\/p>\n

15- \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/p>\n

Annales ESC<\/strong>, Num\u00e9ro sp\u00e9cial, 3-4, 1971 ; K. Pomian, \u00abHistoire des structures\u00bb, in J. Le Goff (\u00e9d.), La Nouvelle Histoire\u2026, pp. 528-553.<\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fernand Braudel,\u00a0La M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e et le monde m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque de Philippe II (1558-1598), Paris, A. Colin, 1949, 2 volumes \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0637\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":580,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[395],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-579","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-395"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/579","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=579"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/579\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/580"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=579"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=579"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=579"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}