{"id":6431,"date":"2026-02-20T15:06:36","date_gmt":"2026-02-20T14:06:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/?p=6431"},"modified":"2026-02-21T02:17:03","modified_gmt":"2026-02-21T01:17:03","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a6%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%87-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/?p=6431","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c 2020.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634<\/strong> (1967)\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1954 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0624\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0651 \u064a\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0626 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0634\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0641\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0632\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629. \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629(1)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a(2)<\/sup>. \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634<\/strong>\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627(3)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631(4)<\/sup>\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0650\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a “\u062e\u0644\u0642\u064c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u2013 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u062d\u061f” \u0646\u0632\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062b\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647(5)<\/sup>. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u064f\u0633\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0634\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629(6)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634<\/strong> \u0644\u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a “\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a” \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0630\u0628\u062d\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631: “\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u061f”- \u0641\u064a\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0644: “\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627. \u00a0\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u0641 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0646\u0632\u0641\u062a” (<\/strong>\u0635. 18).<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u0647 \u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0651\u0638\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644: “\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u061f – \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0627…\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0637\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u0622\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0637”- \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0637 \u0644\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u061f \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0636\u062d\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0637 \u0644\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u061f” (\u0635. 13). \u00a0\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c “\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u0644\u0647… \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0641\u062e\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634\u060c \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646” (\u0635. 14).<\/p>\n

\u064a\u062c\u0633\u0651\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u063a\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u064a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634(7)<\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c “\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627… \u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627” ( \u0635. 11). \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0628\u062d\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062e. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0630\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u0639\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 (\u0635. 11).<\/p>\n

\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646(8)<\/sup> \u0647\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061f \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u061f \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u0636\u064e \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0631 (Peter Albert David Singer) \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u064a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644: “\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628\u062a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629” (\u0635. 9).<\/p>\n

\u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647. \u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634<\/strong> \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u060c \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0628\u062d. \u00a0\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0629(9)<\/sup>\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u064a\u0641\u0636\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646(10)<\/sup>\u060c \u00a0<\/sup>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634<\/strong>: “\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a… \u0645\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u062d\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0636\u063a\u062a \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621. \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u0630 \u0647\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0646 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0646. \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a: \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064b\u0627” (\u0635. 11-12).<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0635\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062e\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u062f \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0630\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a: “\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0631\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649” (\u0635. 9).<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644: “\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062e\u0631… \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0637\u0639\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627… \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631. \u00a0\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062c\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0631\u062e… \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0634\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0631. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0628\u062d\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629” (\u0635. 16-17).<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0634\u0643. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a “\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062f”. \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0651\u0649 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634<\/strong> \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u064c \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u061b \u0641\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c “\u0648\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646.. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0623\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0630\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649” (\u0635 10).<\/p>\n

\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634 \u0628\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 (\u0635. 16). \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645(11)<\/sup>. \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0632\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629: “\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647” (\u0635. 19). \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0638\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062c\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0651\u062a \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 (\u0635. 15).<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f <\/strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/strong>Anthropoc\u00e8ne<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u00ab\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627\u00bb \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634<\/strong>\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634<\/strong> \u0641\u0642\u0637\u061b \u0641\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0649<\/strong>(12)<\/sup>\u060c \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627(13)<\/sup>. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629. \u0641\u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0639\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629(14)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628- \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649- \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 “\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0629”\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 “\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627” \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062e\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 “\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a” \u0648”\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u064a”. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0643\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u063a\u064a\u062a \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2002 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/strong>(15)<\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 “\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629”. \u0648\u0638\u0644\u062a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a) \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0622\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0622\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 (\u0635 15).<\/p>\n

\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634<\/strong>\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0647\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0628\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646. \u00a0\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062e \u0643\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627: \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

——————————————<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1) \u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629”\u060c <\/strong>\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u060c \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c 2020\u060c \u0635 107-108.<\/p>\n

2) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n

Vera Zimmermann, Grenzenlos menschlich? Tierethische Positionen bei Elias Canetti, Marlen Haushofer und Brigitte Kronauer, transcript, Deutschland, 2021.<\/p>\n

3) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00dcber Tiere: Mit e. Nachw. von Brigitte Kronauer, Hanser Belletristik ,2002.<\/p>\n

4) \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0640\u201c\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621\u201d \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u201d\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u00a0\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646. \u00a0\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0636 “\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629”\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645. \u00a0\u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u00a0\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u062f \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: https:\/\/www.thecornerhouse.org.uk\/resource\/green-orientalism<\/p>\n

5) \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627-\u0628\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627-\u0628\u0648\u0647\u0646\u062a Nikolina Skenderija-Bohnet\u00a0 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2016 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

6) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n

Ulrike Stamm, Das Tier als Denkfigur bei Elias Canetti\u201c. Hofmannsthal-Jahrbuch zur europ\u00e4ischen Moderne, 18\/ 2010, S. 311-325. 2018.<\/p>\n

7) \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0646\u062d\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0646 -\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u00a0\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1670. \u00a0\u0641\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1821 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0644\u0648\u062f\u0641\u064a\u063a \u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 “\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 150 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0650\u064a\u0621\u064e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0644 “.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n

Katrin Eberhard\u00a0: \u2018\u2019Kamele in der St. Galler Altstadt\u201c, ein Tierisches Forum -Tiere und Kultur, Forum nr. 27\/2016, office f\u00e9d\u00e9ral de la protection de la population OFPP, la suisse, S. 30-36.<\/p>\n

8) \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n

Barbara Br\u00fcning: Was ist Tierethik?\u00a0 Quellentexte zur Tierethi, https:\/\/www.bpb.de\/themen\/umwelt\/bioethik\/175397\/quellentexte-zur-tierethik<\/a><\/p>\n

9) \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u00a0\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n

10) \u062a\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 (Standpunkttheorie) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u00a0\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635. \u00a0\u0648\u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a. \u00a0\u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n

11) \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0649<\/strong> (Die Blendung) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1935\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0643\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n

12) Die Blendung. Roman. Reichner, Wien 1936<\/p>\n

13) \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a (Pathozentrismus) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

14) Teutsch, Gotthard M. (1985), Lexikon der Umweltethik, D\u00fcsseldorf, S. 83<\/p>\n

15) \u00dcber Tiere. Mit einem Nachwort von Brigitte Kronauer. Hanser, M\u00fcnchen 2002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c 2020.   \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0634 (1967)\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":83,"featured_media":6525,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[253],"tags":[564,955,1227,1228,1229,1230],"class_list":["post-6431","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-253","tag-564","tag-955","tag-1227","tag-1228","tag-1229","tag-1230"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6431","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/83"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6431"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6431\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6528,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6431\/revisions\/6528"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6525"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6431"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6431"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ribatalkoutoub.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6431"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}